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 Berlin Cathedral (left) and Berlin Palace (right), 1900 In the 12th century the region came under German rule as parte of the Margraviate of Brandenburg, founded by Albert the Bear rein 1157. Early evidence of middle age settlements hinein the area of today's Berlin are remnants of a house foundation dated 1270 to 1290, found in excavations rein Berlin Mitte.[30] The first written records of towns hinein the area of present-day Berlin date from the late 12th century.

Both offer electric power and natural gas supply. Some of the city's electric energy is imported from nearby power plants rein southern Brandenburg.[203]

The annual Berlin Marathon – a course that holds the most top-10 world record runs – and the ISTAF are well-established athletic events rein the city.[282] The Mellowpark in Köpenick is one of the biggest skate and BMX parks rein Europe.

The Spree and the Havel rivers cross Berlin. There are no frequent passenger connections to and from Berlin by water. Berlin's largest harbour, the Westhafen, is located in the district of Moabit. It is a transhipment and storage site for inland shipping with a growing importance.[194]

Public transport hinein Berlin has a long and complicated history because of the 20th-century division of the city, where movement between the two halves was not served.

 The Berlinale is the world's largest international spectator Schicht festival. Berlin's nightlife has been celebrated as one of the most verschiederlei and vibrant of its kind.[244][245] Rein the 1970s and 80s, the SO36 in Kreuzberg was a center for punk music and culture. The SOUND and the Dschungel gained notoriety. Throughout the 1990s, people rein their 20s from check here all over the world, particularly those in Wildwestfilm and Central Europe, made Berlin's club scene a premier nightlife venue.

The Oberbaumbrücke over the Spree river is Berlin's most iconic bridge, connecting the now-combined boroughs of Friedrichshain and Kreuzberg. It carries vehicles, pedestrians, and the U1 Berlin U-Bahn line. The bridge welches completed in a brick gothic style hinein 1896, replacing the former wooden bridge with an upper deck for the U-Bahn. The center portion welches demolished in 1945 to stop the Red Army from crossing.

 A memorial to the Nazi book burning by Micha Ullman Garnitur into the Bebelplatz Berlin's history has left the city with a polycentric metropolitan area and an eclectic mix of architecture.

Berlin welches built along the banks of the Spree river, which flows into the Havel in the western borough of Spandau. The city incorporates lakes rein the wildwestfilm and southeastern boroughs, the largest of which is Müggelsee.

The relocation of the federal government and Bundestag to Berlin was mostly completed in 1999. However, some ministries, as well as some minor departments, stayed hinein the federal city Bonn, the former capital of West Germany. Discussions about moving the remaining ministries and departments to Berlin continue.[144]

It originates from a Brandenburgish variant. The dialect is now seen more like a sociolect, largely through increased immigration and trends among the educated Individuenbestand to speak standard German rein everyday life.

The cityscape of Berlin displays large quantities of urban street art.[240] It has become a significant part of the city's cultural heritage and has its roots in the graffiti scene of Kreuzberg of the 1980s.

Young people, international artists and entrepreneurs continued to settle rein the city and made Berlin a popular entertainment center rein the world.[228]

The expanding cultural performance of the city was underscored by the relocation of the Universal Music Group who decided to move their headquarters to the banks of the River Spree.

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